Electric-railway-car motor



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. C. HENRY.

ELECTRIC RAILWAY GAR MOTOR.

No. 521,651. Patented June 19, 1894.

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No. 52L651.

Patented June 19,1894.

UNiTnn STATES PATENT @Erica JOHN C. HENRY, OF VVESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC-RAI LWAY-CAR MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 521,651,6lated June 19, 1894.

Application tiled August 25, 1892. Serial No. 444,054. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, JOHN C. HENRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Westfield, county of Union, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Railway Cars, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electric railways, and it consists in certain improvements in the motor, the objects being to simplify the construction, reduce the number of working parts, and lessen the losses usually attending the regulation of railway motors.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a railway car embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of the truck. Fig. 3 is an end view of the motor and its pole changer. Fig. 4 is an axial section of the motor armature and field magnets. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of the electric circuits.

The side frames l of the truck are duplicates and preferably made of cast steel. They consist of straight or nearly straight bars, with suitable bearings 3, 3, for the car axles 4, 4. The frames are held a properdistance apart by suitable beams (not shown). Besides the axle bearings 3, which are inside the wheels, the frames contain bearings for the armature shaft 5, and the countershaft 6. At each end of the frames is a seat for the springs 15, 15, upon which rests the car body 16. By supporting the car body near its ends, much of the pitching motion peculiar to cars with long bodies on short wheel bases is avoided. The motor 7 is provided with projections 8, in which are formed bearings to embrace one of the axles 4 and the countershaft 6,whch is located about midway between the axles. Keyed to the armature shaft 5 is a pinion 9, which drives a spur gear 10 secured upon the countershaft. The ends of the countershaft project outside of the frames 1, and carry disks or crank arms 11, having wrist pins 12, on which are hung centrally the rigid connecting or side rods 13, the ends of which engage the crank pins 14 projecting from the wheels. By means of this mechanism the motion of the armature is transmitted to all the wheels, thus giving increased tractive power.

The present invention relates to the motor which consists of a multipolar armature 17 revolving inside of a multipolar field magnet. Both are wound with single coils of wire, which are fitted into the circumferential grooves of the field magnet at 19, and of the armatures at 20. From each end of the armature and field magnet project pole pieces, which alternate with each other in position and polarity, all those leading from the same end of the armature or field magnet being of the same polarity. Those on the armature lie on its periphery, while those on the field magnet are on its interior. The arrangement of parts is such that the polarities remain fixed in the armature, but in the field they are changed rapidly, and in direct ratio to the speed of the armature, the changes being made at the proper instant to secure a continuous mutual attracting and repelling action between the poles of the field and those of the armature. The manner in which these changes are automatically effected is as follows: On the shaft ofthe armature is fixed a gear 39, which meshes with and drives a pinion 38, the diameters of the gear and pinion being in a ratio equal to one half the number of changes in polarity to be made in one revolution of the armature. In the drawings, sixteen poles are shown, so that the ratio of the gear and pinion is as one to eight. j

The shaft 31 of the pinion is in two parts insulated from each other, one half being permanently connected by the ring 32, and brush 36 with the trolley 22, the other half being permanently connected by the ring 33 and brush 37 with the ground through the core 29 of the armature (Fig. 5). The terminals of the field winding are the stationary brushes 34, 35, which rest on the pole changer 3l, so that at every revolution of the pole changer, the current is twice reversed through the field magnet. The field magnet is in shunt with the armature, and its winding is of high resistance so that there is little or no flashing at the pole changer. The field is wound with a single coil, and to regulate the supply of current to the armature without loss, I a1'- range to maintain its electromotive force constant and vary the number of armature coils in circuit. The armature is wound with several coils in parallel, their inner ends being IOO connected and grounded through the armature core 29. The outer ends of the coils are severally led to the insulated collector rings 41 on the armature shaft, which connect through suitable brushes with the respective contact plates 24, 25, 26, 27 and the like. A

switch 23 enables the operator to close the4 circuit through any number of armature coils.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an electric car motor having a multipolar field magnet of high resistance, a polechanger in circuit with the field only, and mechanism for operating said pole-changer synchronously with the armature, substantially as set forth.

2. In an electric car, a motor having a shunt Wound multpolar field magnet, a rotating pole changer in the field circuit, a gear wheel on the armature shaft, and a pinion on the shaft of the pole-changer, substantially as described.

3. In an electric car, a motor having a shunt wound multipolar field magnet of high resistance, an automatic pole-changer in the field circuit, an armature containing several coils in parallel circuit terminating in collector rings, and a switch for cutting out one or more of said coils, substantially as set forth.

4. An electric motor having a multipolar armature with alternating pole pieces of constant polarity, a shunt Wound multipolar field magnet, a two-part pole changer in the field circuit, and gearing for rotating said pole changer in a ratio equal to one half the number of pole changes to be made in one revolution of the armature, substantially as described.

5. An electric motor, consisting of the shunt wound field magnet having the pole pieces projecting inwardly alternately from each end of the core, the armature 17 provided with pole pieces of alternate polarity, and having a plurality of coils terminating at one end 1n the collector rin gs 4:1,the two part pole changer 31, the brushes 34E, 35 forming the terminals of the field circuit, the gears 38 and 39 forrotating the pole changer synchronously with the armature, and the switch 23 for controlling the armature circuits, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of July, 1892.

JOHN C. HENRY.

Witnesses:

SUSIE A. HENRY, SADIE HENRY. 

